海南岛橡胶林雨季林冠截留特征研究

Canopy interception characteristics of rubber plantation in rainy season of Hainan Island

【目的】研究海南岛橡胶林雨季林冠截留特征,为橡胶林生态系统的可持续经营和水资源的合理调控提供理论依据。【方法】通过野外科学观测试验站在降雨过程定位监测中提供的降雨量、降雨强度、截留量、截留率等数据,对橡胶林林冠相关水因子量进行统计,探讨穿透雨、树干茎流、林冠截留量、截留率与降雨特征的关系。【结果】橡胶林林冠截留量随降雨量的增加而增加,截留率随降雨量的增加而减少;橡胶林穿透雨、树干茎流均随着林外降雨量的增大而增大,并具有明显的线性相关性;各相关因素对橡胶林林冠截留的影响程度为:降雨量>降雨强度>林冠光合有效辐射>降雨期相对湿度>叶面积指数。【结论】林冠截留是林木与环境进行能量与物质交换的第一作用层,它对降水的影响是研究森林水分平衡的重要内容,相关气象及林地性状特征是影响橡胶林林冠截留量的主要因子。

[ Objective ]Canopy interception characteristics of rubber plantation in rainy season of Hainan Island was studied to achieve sustainable management of ecosystem in rubber plantation, which can properly regulate and control water resources. [ Method ]Statistical analysis of rubber canopy related water factors were carried out using precipitation, precipitation intensity, interception, interception rate, which were obtained from field monitoring station, and the relationship between throughfall, stemflow, canopy interception, interception rate, and precipitation characteristics were analyzed. [Result]With the increase of precipitation, the interception of rubber canopy, throughfall and stemflow increased, but the interception rate decreased; the data showed a linear correlation between precipitation and throughfall, stemflow. Based on regression analysis, sequence of influence degree of related factors on canopy interception was as follows： precipitation〉precipitation intensity〉canopy photosynthetic available radiation〉relative humidity〉leaf area index. [Conclusion] Canopy interception was the first active layer for energy and substance exchanges between forests and their living environment. Its influence on precipitation was an important aspect in forest water balance research; related meteorological and forestland characteristics were main factors affecting canopy interception of rubber plantations.