髓系单核细胞来源的HIV-1限制性因子——SAMHD1

SAMHD1——A HIV-1 restriction factor derived from myeloid lineage monocytes

天然抗病毒限制因子是HIV-1研究最热点的领域。继APOBEC3G、Trim5α、Tetherin被发现之后,SAMHD1于2011年被发现为新的抗HIV-1限制因子。它主要在髓系来源的单核细胞中表达,如巨噬细胞和树突状细胞。该文对SAMHD1的结构、抗病毒机制、与Vpx的相互作用以及进化等方面的研究进行了综述。SAMHD1的发现为深入研究SAMHD1在慢病毒致病机理中作用打开了一扇门。

HIV-1 restriction factors have became one of the hottest fields of AIDS researches. In 2011, SAMHD1 was demonstrated to be a novel HIV-1 restriction factor, adding to a list of HIV-1 restriction factors that include APOBEC3G, TRIM5α and Tetherin. SAMHDI is highly expressed in myeloid-lineage monocytes, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. In this paper, we review the current research progress on the structure of SAMHD1, its antiviral mechanism, interaction with the lentivirus Vpx, and evolution. The identification of SAMHD1 opens the door towards understanding the role of SAMHD 1 in lentiviral pathogenesis.