保水剂与氮肥结合对辣椒生长及光合作用的影响

Effects of combination of superabsorbent polymers(SAP) with nitrogen fertilizer on growth and photosynthesis of pepper plants

以辣椒品种超越5号为试验材料,采用保水剂吸收尿素溶液的方法,探讨了保水剂与氮肥结合对辣椒开花坐果期植株生长及光合特性的影响。结果表明:在相同的氮肥条件下,保水剂与氮肥结合提高了植株的株高、茎粗、干鲜重、叶绿素含量以及净光合速率(Pn)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)等光合参数,降低了气孔限制值(Ls)和水分利用效率(WUE);同时保水剂+0.75倍标准氮肥用量处理的叶片生长量、叶绿素含量、Pn、Ci、Gs和Tr都显著高于1倍标准氮肥用量的处理,表明采用保水剂吸收尿素溶液的方式能够提高肥料利用率,降低肥料损失。

Pepper variety Chaoyue No. 5 was selected as material to study the effects of combination of superabsor-bent polymers （SAP） with nitrogen fertilizer on growth and photosynthesis of pepper during flowering using SAP absorbing earbamide. The combination of SAP with nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight and chlorophyll content of leaves, as well as the net photosynthetic rate （ Pn ）, intercellular CO2 concentration （ Ca ）, stomatal conduct （ Gs ） and transpiration rate （ Tr） , but decreased the stomata limitation （Ls） and water efficiency （WUE） under the same nitrogen application condition. The growth, chlorophyll content, Pn, Ci, Gs and Tr of pepper with the treatment of SAP combining nitrogen of 0.75 times as many as standard application level were significantly higher than those with the treatment of applying nitrogen at standard level. It indicated that using SAP to absorb urea increased the fer-tilizer use efficiency, and reduced the loss of fertilizer.