中国日光温室结构及性能的演变

Evolution of structure and performance of Chinese solar greenhouse

日光温室作为具有典型中国特色、规模巨大的设施类型,一直是中国温室园艺装备升级的重点。在不同时期、不同地域涌现出很多特征鲜明、结构迥异的日光温室类型,为保障中国城乡居民"菜篮子"的稳定供给、农民增收发挥了重要作用。本文回顾了日光温室近80年的发展历程,将日光温室结构的演变划分为:雏形时期、改良时期、发展时期、升级时期4个阶段,并选取各阶段具有代表性的15种日光温室结构进行建筑参数和性能的研究,分析其优缺点。在此基础上,展望了未来日光温室结构的发展方向,为更加科学地指导中国日光温室产业的优化升级提供参考和借鉴。

In different time and regions, varieties of solar greenhouses with distinctive features and structures were developed in China, which have played important roles in ensuring stable vegetables supply and increasing farmers＇ in-come. This paper reviewed nearly 80-year development course of Chinese solar greenhouse and divided the structure evolu-tion process into four periods, prototype period, improving period, developing period and upgrading period. 15 typical Chi-nese solar greenhouses in different periods were selected for studying the architecture parameters and performance. The ad-vantages and shortages for each kind of greenhouse were analyzed. The future development direction of the Chinese solar greenhouse structure was prognosticated, which would provide a reference for guiding the optimization and upgrading of solar greenhouse industry.