宁波地区浅部真菌病3637例致病菌的菌种分析

Analysis on Pathogenic Species of 3637 Cases of Superficial Fungal Diseases in Ningbo region

目的了解宁波地区皮肤科门诊浅部真菌病发病情况及致病菌种分布特征和发病相关因素。方法回顾性分析本科门诊2008-2010年诊治的皮肤浅部真菌病患者发病情况,分析其致病菌种、年龄、性别和临床特征的关系。结果共收治皮肤浅部真菌病3637例,镜检见真菌菌丝和孢子2205例,男1378例,女827例。位居前3位的依次为:股癣(26.58%),花斑糠疹(19.82%),甲真菌病(13.83%)。<12岁共264例(12.34%)。主要致病菌种为红色毛癣菌(70.32%)、念珠菌(20.46%)和须癣毛癣菌(6.14%)。不同年龄段、性别、病种及致病菌种分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论宁波地区皮肤科门诊浅部真菌病发病以股癣居多,儿童组浅部真菌病发病逐渐增多,婴儿真菌病有明显的临床特征。致病菌种主要为红色毛癣菌,其次为念珠菌属。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and correlated pathogenic factors of superficial mycosis, as well as etiologic distribution in Ningbo region. Methods Direct microscopy, culture and identification of pathogenic fungi were performed on clinical specimens, statistical analysis was used to outcomes. Results Among 3637 specimens （male 1378 and female 827）, 2 205 cases had hypha and spore examined microscopically, the top three diseases were tinea crusis （ 26. 58% ）, pityriasis versicolor （ 19. 82% ） and onychomycosis （ 13.83% ） ; 264 cases were under 12 years old（ 12.34% ） ; the top there pathogenic fungi were T. rub-rum （70.32%）, Candida（20.46% ） and T. mentagrophytes（6.14% ） ;there was significant different between them （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion In Ningbo region, tineacruris is the most common superficial mycosis, children infection increased gradually than before, and baby has obvious clinical ,features, T. rub-rum was the most common pathogenic fungus, followed by candida.