故宫学的明清庙堂政治文化视域

Gugong Studies from The Ming and Qing Imperial Political and Cultural Perspectives

故宫学是运用历史学、博物馆学、历史文献学、建筑考古学等学科的理论方法,对明清时代北京皇宫之物化和精神遗存,以及以该皇宫为中心展开的后续文博收藏进行综合研究的专门学科。一般意义上的明清史中有大量内容与故宫学中历史类研究重合,故如欲使故宫学的史类研究具有不可替代之特殊意义,需要在方法论意义上凸显故宫作为一个特殊政治文化场域这一视角。由此视角出发,可见故宫作为明清庙堂政治的核心场域,其内大量事物具有符号象征意义,其规制、理念、行为方式和惯性构成独一无二的政治文化语境,与庙堂之外的政治、文化、社会、民生产生差异、关联和互动,若能在具体层面切实推进研究,故宫学的历史类研究即有不可替代的学术意义。

Gugong Studies is a comprehensive specialized field on the physical and spiritual remains collection of the Ming and Qing court taking the theoretical approaches to history, museology, historical literature and architectural archaeology. But apart from the general study of the Ming and Qing histories, the author views that what is of striking exceptional significance for Gugong Studies lies in its researches from the imperial political and cultural perspectives into such a core of Chinese feudalism and unmatched context of the imperial historical and cultural remains collection like decrees and etiquette, conventions, ideology, etc. which are symbolically meaningful and their impacts upon the outside politics, culture, society and the livelihood of the commoners as well.