原发性高血压大鼠动脉血管重构的形态学研究

Morphological study of arterial vascular remodeling in hypertensive rats

目的探讨自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)大动脉及肾小、细动脉血管重构(VR)的形态学改变,为进一步明确高血压状态下动脉VR的分子机制奠定基础。方法将4、16、24周龄组雄性SHR作为实验组,同周龄雄性Wistar大鼠(WKY)作为对照组,各组5只大鼠。进行主动脉和肾小、细动脉组织学测量和弹性纤维染色观察,高血压动脉VR情况。结果 SHR组主动脉中膜血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)总数多于同周龄WKY组。24周龄SHR主动脉管壁中层弹性膜排列紊乱、松散、厚薄不均、断裂。SHR组肾小动脉相对内径随周龄增加逐渐减小,相对中膜厚度随周龄增加逐渐增加。24周龄SHR肾小动脉管壁纤维化,肾细动脉未见明显纤维化改变。结论 SHR各组动脉VR的形态学表现不一致,可能其具有不同的分子机制。

Objective To investigate the morphological change of vascular remodeling（VR） of artery and renal arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats so as to provide some experimental basis for the molecular mechanisms of vascular remodeling in hypertension. Methods Male spontaneously hypertensive rats（SHR） aged 4-week-old,16-week-old and 24- week-old were as the experimental groups and the male Wistar-Kyoto rats（WKY） with the same week age were as the control groups,5 rats in each group. Aorta and renal small artery and arteriole were performed the histologic measurement and the elastic fiber staining to observe the vascular remolding of hypertensive arteries. Results The total sum of vascular smooth muscle cell（VSMC） in tunica media of aorta in the SHR group was more than that in the WKY group with the same week age. The elastic fibers of aorta were disorder, loose, une- ven thickness and fracture in 24 week-old SHR group. In the SHR group, the relative diameter was decreased with week age in- creasing,and the relative intima-media thickness was increased with week age increasing of the renal interlohar artery. Some fibrosis was seen in renal arterial wall in 24- week-old SHR group,renal arterioles had no significant fibrosis change in each SHR and WKY group. Conclusion The morphological manifestations of arterial VR in various SHR groups are inconformity, which may be involved in different molecular mechanisms.