锌与龋病关系的研究进展

Zinc and dental caries

锌作为一种人体必需的金属微量元素,广泛分布于牙菌斑、唾液以及釉质表面,同时,也常被加入口腔清洁类产品中以达到控制菌斑,减少口气,防止牙石形成的目的。尽管有研究显示,锌可以有效地保护牙体硬组织,抑制口腔致龋菌的生长及产酸,在理论上有着良好的抗龋特性,但在实际的临床应用中,锌却没有展现出其在预防及治疗龋病方面的优势。可能是因为锌离子无法大量牢固地粘附于牙体表面,而已附着部分又常会因为各种环境因素的刺激而轻易脱落,从而无法有效发挥防龋效能。本文就锌与牙体硬组织间的相互作用、锌的抗微生物效应及其与龋病发生率的关联等作一综述。

As an essential trace element,zinc is present naturally in dental plaque,saliva and enamel.It is also formulated into oral care products to control plaque,reduce malodour and inhibit calculus formation.Low concentrations of zinc can effectively protect dental hard tissue and inhibit the growth and acid production of oral cariogenic bacteria.However,in clinical trials,the potential of zinc to prevent and control caries has not been well observed.Mechanistic studies may help to explain this apparent contradiction.Zinc is readily desorbed from hydroxyapatite by calcium,it will fall off easily because of various environmental factors,leading to low caries-preventive effectiveness.However,there is no denying that zinc has its positive meaning and good anticaries potential.The articles about zinc and its interactions with dental enamel,antimicrobial effects and possible effects on caries are summarized in this review paper.