马克思主义经济学视角中的GDP——兼论设立实体GDP和虚拟GDP账户的设想

Understanding the GDP From the Viewpoint of Marxism Economics:Proposal of Establishing Substantial GDP and Fictitious GDP

从马克思主义经济学的视角来看GDP,对于理解、完善GDP核算,打破GDP崇拜有重要意义。通过探讨GDP的定义、核算方法、作用及改革GDP核算的思路,提出了设立实体GDP和虚拟GDP账户的设想。GDP的核算方法存在逻辑主体不一致和缺乏对生产关系的深入分析这两个问题。设立两种账户的根据在于当代马克思主义经济学认为经济可以分为实体经济和虚拟经济、劳动可以分为生产劳动和非生产劳动。实体GDP主要统计生产劳动创造的新价值,虚拟GDP主要统计非生产劳动所分割的新价值。

Understanding GDP from Marxism economics is important for understanding and improving GDP calculation,and breaking the blind worship to GDP.This paper explores some central issues on the definition of GDP,accounting method of GDP,the role of GDP,and reforming method of GDP,and gives the proposal of establishing substantial GDP and fictitious GDP.There are two problems in the accounting method of GDP： one is the inconsistent of logic subjects;the other is the lack of detail analysis of productive relations.The proposal is based on the contemporary Marxism economics which divides economy into substantial economy and fictitious economy,and divides labour into productive labour and non-productive labour.Substantial GDP mainly calculates new value created by productive labour,and fictitious GDP mainly calculates new value separated by non-productive labour.