同伴关系在中小学欺负问题与自尊及心理健康间的中介效应

On the Mediating Effect of Peer Relationships on the Relationship Between Primary and Secondary School Students' Bullying or Being Bullied,Their Self-Esteem and Mental Health

利用张文新修订的Olweus欺负问卷、简版的Coopersmith自尊问卷,以及焦虑量表、孤独感量表、压抑量表对827名中小学生进行测查,考察中小学生欺负/受欺负的状况,及与其同伴关系、自尊、心理健康之间的关系。结果发现:(1)总体而言,中小学欺负的发生率比较高,且相当稳定;(2)卷入欺负的儿童,无论是欺负者、受欺负者还是欺负/受欺负者都比一般儿童存在更多的心理精神症状。(3)在中小学中,同伴关系在儿童欺负问题对其自尊和心理健康的影响中起部分中介作用。儿童受欺负通过同伴接纳和同伴拒绝间接地影响儿童的自尊和心理健康。

This study, by using the questionnaire on the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program （OBPP）, the simple version of the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory （SEI）, the Anxiety Scale, the Loneliness Scale, and the Depression Scale to conduct a survey of 827 primary and secondary school students, aims to probe into primary and secondary school students＇ state of bullying （or being bullied）, as well as its relationship with their peer relationships, self-esteem and mental health. The results show the following： （1） On the whole, the students surveyed have a high and stable incidence of being bullied; （2） the children involved in bullying and/or being bullied have more mental health problems than normal children; （3） in primary and secondary schools, the studenis＇ peer relationships play a partially intermediary role in the effect of their bullying （ or being bullied） on their self-estecm and mental health; the children＇s being bullied, by means of acceptance or rejection by their peers, has an indirect effect on their self-esteem and mental health.