基于DEA的Malmquist指数对我国科技创新效率的研究

Scientific and Technological Innovation Efficiency in China: Based on the DEA Model and the Malmquist Index

运用基于DEA的Malmquist指数对我国1997年到2010年各地区(除海南、西藏、青海、宁夏、新疆外)科技创新的效率变动情况进行实证分析.研究表明,我国科技创新效率水平总体趋势是不断上升,但发展不平衡;我国东部地区科技创新效率水平相对较高,而中西部地区相对较低,但也有稳中增长之趋势.如果将科技创新效率分解为技术进步和技术效率两部分,那么,从分析结果来看,我国科技创新效率的主要动力来自于技术进步.因此,通过提高技术进步水平如提升人力素质和改进研发设备等途径来提高高校科技创新效率是适宜的.

The article reports an empirical study of the innovation efficiency of science and technology in China between 1997 and 2010 with the Malmquist index based on the DEA model. As is shown, the efficiency level is generally on the constant rise, but with an unsteady development. In contrast with East China, the Midwest areas witnessed a relatively lower innovation efficiency level as well as a steady growth trend. Presumably divided into technological progress and technological efficiency, the current innovation efficiency in China is driven primarily by technological progress. Therefore, it is supposed to make sense to boost the scientific and technological innovation efficiency in colleges and universities through the enhancement of human resource quality and the improvement of equipment for research and development.