事故性生态损害的侵权法救济及其责任构成

Tort Law Relief to Ecological Damage by Accidents and Form of Responsibility

事故性生态损害不同于累积性生态损害,对其通过侵权法予以救济具有理论上的正当性和现实上的可行性。在我国现行立法条件下,可由国家作为请求权主体,由国务院授权的部门代表国家行使损害赔偿请求权。在责任构成要件上,应包括事故性环境污染行为、生态损害事实及两者之间的因果关系三个方面。同时,我国立法中的环境侵权免责条款也应适用于事故性生态损害赔偿责任中。

The ecological damage by accidents is different from the cumulative ecological damage. There is the legitimacy of theory and the feasibility of the reality to relieve it by tort law. In China＇s current legislation conditions, the state can claim the right of compensation, and the department authorized by the state cotmcil can exercise the claim for damages on behalf of the state. The constitutive requirements of liability should include environmental pollution activity in accident, the ecological damage and the causal relationship. At the same time, the exemptions in China＇s legislations about environment tort shall be applicable.