邯郸市24节气的气候特征分析

Climatic Characteristic Analysis of the 24 Solar Terms in Handan

24节气是我国劳动人民独创的文化遗产,它能反映季节的变化,指导农事活动,影响着千家万户的衣食住行。利用邯郸市气象观测站1971-2010年共计40 a的逐日历史气温、日照、降水量资料,对邯郸市24节气的气候特征进行了分析,结果发现:邯郸市24节气平均气温呈正态分布;全年中最热的节气是大暑,最冷的节气是小寒;24节气中升温幅度最大的是春分(0.31℃.d-1),降温幅度最大的是立冬(-0.31℃.d-1);相邻节气之间,清明升温最快,较前一节气平均气温升高4.6℃,立冬降温最快,较前一节气下降4.9℃;平均日照时数最长的是小满(8.7h),最短的是冬至(4.4 h);大暑平均降水量最大,为95.4 mm,小寒最小,仅为1.4 mm。

The 24 solar terms is a unique cuhural heritage of our working people. It reflects the changes in seasons, guides farming activities, and affects the daily life of millions of households. Base on the meteorological station observation data of daily temperature, sunshine, precipitation for the 24 solar terms 40 years from 1971 to 2010 in Handan, the climatic characteristics of 24 solar terms are analyzed. The results show that： the average temperature of 24 solar terms in Handan follow a normal distribution; the hottest of the weather is greater heat, and the coldest of the weather is lesser cold ; the rate of warming in the vernal equinox is the biggest （0.31 ℃ . d-l） , temperature drop range in the beginning of winter is the biggest（ -0.31 ℃ . d-l）; the fresh green between adjacent solar term warms fastest, compared with the previous solar term increase 4.6 ℃, the beginning of winter cools fastest, compared with the previous solar term decline 4.9 ℃ ; average sunshine in the lesser fullness is the longest （8.7 h） , the shortest is the winter solstice （4.4 h） ; average rainfall maximum appears in the Greater heat （95.4 mm） , the minimum appears in the lesser cold（ 1.4 mm）.