公共服务市场的性质及其缺陷分析

The Nature of Public Service Market and its Defect

公共服务改革在不同的领域中所呈现的后果是复杂的,更存在许多失败的案例。诸多研究者在讨论这类问题时大多将失败的原因归结为竞争的缺乏,因而所提出的政策建议是在公共服务领域中培育竞争以提高效率。公共服务市场的性质是由公共服务的性质决定的,公共服务市场在本质上是"准市场",缺乏必要的竞争,且必然存在着供给方缺陷、需求方缺陷以及二者之间复杂的组合,由此必然导致公共服务市场化改革的失败。基于这一认识而提出的政策建议就是加强政府监管公共服务市场的责任,强调在公共服务供给中政府与市场的合作。

The public service reform in different areas presented complex consequences, and even more tanure cases. Many researchers believed that the reason for the failure of reform is the lack of competition when they were discussing such issues, so proposed policy recommendations of nurture competition in public service field to improve efficiency. In essence, the nature of public service market is determined by the nature of public ser- vice, it is a ＂quasi-market＂ with lack of competition, and there must exists supply-side deficiencies, demand- side deficiencies as well as the complex combination between them, which will inevitably lead to the failure of market-oriented reform of public services. Policy recommendations based on this understanding, is to strengthen the responsibility of government regulation of public services market, stress the cooperation of government and market in the supply of public services