有机硅改性无卤膨胀型阻燃剂的制备及在聚丙烯中的应用研究

Preparation of Silicone Modified Halogen-free Intumescent Flame Retardants and Its Application in Polypropylene

采用甲基三氯硅烷为改性剂,对无卤膨胀型阻燃剂中的发泡剂三聚氰胺和成炭剂淀粉进行表面处理,制成有机硅改性发泡成炭剂;再与经甲基三氯硅烷表面处理的结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵复配,得到有机硅改性无卤膨胀型阻燃剂。研究了溶剂种类、反应温度和时间对改性发泡成炭剂收率的影响,并用红外光谱进行了表征;比较了阻燃剂改性对聚丙烯(PP)阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,溶剂种类、反应温度和时间对改性反应产品收率的影响不大,沸点适中的溶剂是三氯乙烷、环己烷,有机硅改性发泡成炭剂具有优异的憎水性能。添加有机硅改性阻燃剂的PP的阻燃性均高于对照样;在相同阻燃性下,阻燃剂添加量减少;力学性能比相应对照样提高2.69%。

The silicone modified foam charring agent was prepared by using methyltrichlorosilane as the modifier on the basis of surface treatment of melamine and charring agent starch ; then the product was reacted with ammonium polyphosphate form H and other additives to get a new silicone modified halogen-free intumes- cent flame retardants. The influence of the solvent, reaction temperature and time on the yield of the charring agent was studied, and its structure was characterized by IR. In addition, the effect of the flame retardant be- fore and after modification on the flame retardant and mechanical properties of polypropylene （pp） was com- pared. Results show that the solvent, temperature and time have little influence on the yield of the product; the proper solvents with medium high boiling point are trichloroethane and cyclohexane. The silicone modified foam charring agent shows excellent hydrophobicity. The flame retardance of PP with silicone modified flame retardant is higher that that of the sample while the mechanical properties of flame retardant Pp are 2.69% higher than that of the sample. The amount of flame retardants decreases at the same retardance.