早产儿家长洗手依从性及认知情况调查

A Survey of Premature Parents' Hand-washing Compliance and Cognition

目的探讨早产儿家长洗手依从性及认知情况,并探讨其依从性差的原因,以期为提高护理服务质量提供依据。方法便利抽样法选取2010年3-8月在温州医学院附属第二医院出生并入住该院新生儿科的早产儿的家长102名为研究对象,采用自制的问卷对早产儿家长的洗手认知情况进行调查,统计家长的洗手依从情况并分析其依从性差的原因。结果 102名家长中洗手依从性高的仅为26名(25.49%),洗手依从性中的21名(20.59%),洗手依从性差的55名(53.92%)。早产儿家长洗手依从性差的原因依次为洗手指征未掌握;医护人员健康宣教未到位因而不知如何正确洗手;思想上未重视;宝宝哭闹,繁忙顾不上;担心洗手剂残留对宝宝身体有伤害;担心频繁洗手对自己皮肤伤害大。培训前,家长对洗手的重要性认识不全,掌握较好的只有60名(57.69%),对洗手指征及正确洗手程序的认知度更低,有超过50%的家长不知道如何正确洗手。培训后,对洗手重要性了解较好的达98名(96.08%),洗手指征掌握得最好,升至100%,洗手程序的掌握度也有明显提高,干预前后各项差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论早产儿家长的手卫生知识认知差,洗手依从性低,医护人员应采取有效的干预措施,提高早产儿家长的洗手依从性及认知情况。

Objective To investigate the premature parents; hand-washing cognition and the causes for its poor compliance so as to take interventions for providing the evidence for higher nursing quality. Methods From March to August 2010,102 premature parents were selected using convenience sampling to investigate the hand-washing cognition and its compliance so as to determine the causes of its poor compliance. Results Of the 102 premature parents, high compliance of hand-washing was observed in 26 （25.49 %）, moderate compliance of hand-washing in 2! （20.59 ;）and poor compliance of hand-washing in 55 （53.92 %）. The causes for the poor compliance of hand washing in the premature parents were listed in turn as. poor mastery of hand-washing indications, knowing nothing about hand-washing due to incomplete health education of health care worker, ideological ignorance, failing to care the crying baby due to full engagement, worrying about the harm of residuum of hand sanitizer to baby＇s body,and concering for harm of frequent hand-washing to the skin. Before the training, the premature parents were observed with incomplete awareness of the importance of hand-washing and only 60 （57.69 %） premature parents had better mastery of its value. Lower awareness of the hand-washing indications and proper hand washing procedures were observe among the premature parents and more than 50 % of the parents did not know how to properly wash their hands. After the training,98（96.08%）premature parents had better mastery of the importance of hand-washing and up to 100% of them mastered the hand-washing indications and the matery of hand-washing procedures were improved. There were significant differences on the items before and after the training （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The cognition of hand-washing knowledge and the hand-washing complicance are poor in premature parents. By adopting effective interventions, we should improve premature parents hand-washing compliance and cognition.