兰州市控烟现状调查分析

The Current Situation of Tobacco Control Survey And analysis in Lanzhou City

目的了解甘肃省兰州市公共场所的烟草流行和控烟状况,为全市无烟环境创建及出台地方性控烟法规提供数据支持和科学依据。方法分层随机抽取兰州市城区和郊区医疗卫生机构、教育机构、政府/疾控机构、交通场所和交通工具共128家(辆),通过问卷调查、人群抽样调查和PM2.5浓度监测。结果我市总的吸烟率为34.4%,非吸烟者每周二手烟暴露率为68.8%;用烟待客和把烟作为礼物送人所占比例较高。结论兰州市吸烟率和二手烟暴露率均高于全国总体水平(GATS城市调查数据);在过去一年内用烟待客∕用烟作为礼物的比例较高,不良生活习惯严重;公众对在公共交通工具、学校和医院禁止吸烟措施支持度比例最高,因此,我市在保护市民健康免受二手烟危害的措施上,必须要加强宣传,提高市民健康意识;在公共场所进行无烟环境创建;同时,要出台符合《烟草控制框架公约》的地方性无烟法律。

OBJECTIVE In order to understand the situation of tobacco epidemic and tobacco control in public places of Lanzhou City,Gansu Province,provide the data support and scientific basis of introducing the local tobacco control laws and regulations.METHODS By the stratified random method,select the 128 units,in urban and suburban areas of lanzhou,include：medical and health organization,education organization,government and CDC,traffic place,tools of transportation.Through the questionnaire survey,population sample survey and PM2.5 concentration monitoring.RESULTS The overall smoking rate was 34.4%,non-smokers every week second-hand smoke exposure rate was 68.8%.the proportion of entertaining guests with cigarettes and as gifts is high.CONCLUSION The smoking rate and secondhand smoke exposure rate in Lanzhou City were higher than the national overall level（GATS city survey data）;in the last year,the proportion of entertaining guests with cigarettes or using cigarette as gifts was high,the bad habits was serious;the public’s support rate of anti-smoking measures in public transport,schools and hospitals was highest.Therefore,on the measures to protect public health from secondhand smoke,it is necessary to strengthen the publicity to raise public awareness of health,creating smoke-free environment in public places and introducing local smoke-free laws complying with the FCTC.