黄土高原河谷型城镇水环境承载力实证研究

Research on Water Environment Carrying Capacity of the Valley-type Town on the Loess Plateau

基于对国内外水环境承载力研究的述评,对地处黄土高原南缘河谷的淳化县中心镇(河湖型水利风景区)的水资源、水环境状况分析的基础上,运用适合于污染物均匀混合河段的河流零维模型,以化学需氧量(COD)为主要污染物指标,对其水环境承载力进行定量分析测算。结果表明:淳化县中心镇甘泉湖风景区现状年(2011年)和规划年(2020年)水环境承载力COD最大容许排放量分别为0.007 3kg/s(231.87t/a)与0.005 6kg/s(或176.66t/a)。即年均COD排放量下降速率为2.38%,高于国家"十二五"年平均COD排放量下降1.60%的目标。鉴于此,提出了水质保护与水污染防治的措施。

Based on the the domestic and international literature review focusing on water environmental carrying capacity, along with the analysis on the water resources, water environment of the center town of Chun hua County（lake and river-based water scenic spot） in the valley which is located in the southern edge of the Loess Plateau, the zero-dimenslonal model suitable for the homogeneous mixing of pollutants was introduced on the quantitative analysis and estimation of the water environment carrying capacity of the center town of Chunhua County hy applying the chemical oxygen demand （COD） as the main pollutant index. The results showed that the water environmental carrying capacity and its maximum allowable emissions of the chemical oxygen demand （COD） of the Center Town on Ganquan Lake Scenic Area of the Chunhua status year （2010） and the planning year （2020） were 0.007 3 kg/s （231.87 t/a） and 0. 005 6 kg/s （176.66 t/a）, respectively. The average annual dropping rate of COD emissions was 2.38% which was higher than the national target of the average annual dropping rate of COD emissions （1.60%） from 2011 to 2015. Consequently, measures of water quality protection and pollution control were proposed.