“南斯拉夫模式”处理民族主义问题的失误

Failures of "Yugoslav Mode" in Dealing with Nationalist Issues

"南斯拉夫模式"作为社会主义国家处理民族问题的3个代表性模式之一,在处理民族主义问题的理论与实践方面存在诸多失误,主要是在"塞弱则南强"这一貌似正确的反对大民族主义策略下,未能充分认识地方民族主义对民族团结和联邦体制的破坏力,实际上助推了各加盟共和国地方民族主义的滋长,背离了马克思主义民族理论尤其是马克思主义经典作家关于正确认识和处理"两种民族主义"的相关论述,成为联盟解体和模式失败的重要因素。民族主义作为一种思潮,"沸点"较低,容易触发,在社会转型的时代,对"南斯拉夫模式"处理民族主义问题失误的反思,至今仍具有重要的理论和现实意义。

As one of the three representative modes that socialist countries deal with the ethnic problems, ＂Yugoslavia mode＂ has led to many failures when dealing with nationalist issues either in theory or in practice. This mode deviates from Marxist national theory, espe- cially the classic nationalist theories of Marxist writers, which is a key factor leading to disintegration. A study of this mode has much theoretical and practical significance in the transitional period when dealing with nationalist issues.