政府支持风险投资的必要性研究述评

On the Necessity of Government-sponsored Risk Investment

风险投资自诞生以来,就和创新紧密地联系在一起,在GDP的增长、创造就业、提高经济体的竞争力等方面做出重要贡献,得到世界各国的青睐。作为一种新型的资本组织形式,风险投资本身具有信息不对称和正外部性的特点,会导致市场失灵,成为政府干预的理论基础。然而,政府促进风险投资业发展的政策中,出现了一些问题,导致低效率的资源配置。学者对政府是否支持风险投资持两种不同的观点,反对者主要是从风险投资业的管理技能低下、挤出效应等方面来论证,并得出结论。创新对经济发展具有重要性,企业家精神和风险投资的发展又促进创新的发展,因此,企业家精神和风险投资的发展很重要,许多国家实施政策促进企业家精神和风险投资的发展。

Risk investment has been related to innovation from its very beginning and plays a key role in the improvement of employment and competitiveness, as well as CDP growth. As a new type of capital - raising, risk investment has the traits of information asymmetry and positive externality, which may result in market malfunctioning or interference of the government. There are different views on the role of the government in this aspect. On the whole, the entrepreneur＇s spirit and the development of risk investment are important while favorable policies should be implemented.