山东省基层公共卫生人员职业性倦怠与社会支持的相关性研究

Study on the relationship between job burnout and social support among grassroots public health personnel of Shandong

目的了解山东省基层公共卫生人员职业性倦怠现状及其与社会支持的相关性,为相关部门制定政策提供科学依据。方法运用自行设计的一般人口学调查问卷、职业性倦怠调查问卷(MBI-GS)及领悟社会支持量表,采取分层整群抽样的方式对胶州市、兖州市、邹城市及嘉祥县585名基层公共卫生人员进行调查。结果基层公共卫生人员情绪耗竭(6.56±5.99)、消极倦怠(6.63±4.88)平均得分较医师、护士低,而专业低效能感(24.78±9.72)较医师、护士高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);家人支持、朋友支持和社会支持的程度分别为高、中、中。运用相关分析结果显示:家人支持、朋友支持、社会支持与基层公共卫生人员职业倦怠呈负相关关系。结论社会支持对减少职业倦怠有重要的影响,提高基层公共卫生人员可用的社会支持是防止职业倦怠的有效方法。

Objective To analyze the relationship between the job burnout and the social support among among grassroots public health personnel in Shandong,and provide the scientific basis for relevant decisions and poilicy.Methods Stratified and cluster sampling was used and 584 public health personnel from Jiaozhou of Qingdao City,Jiaxiang,Yanzhou and Zoucheng of Jining City were investigated with MBI-GS and Perceived Social Support Scale.Results The score of the emotional exhaustion（6.56±5.99）and the cymcism（6.63 ± 4.88） in grassroots public health personnel were lower than doctors and nurses,while the score of the diminished professional efficacy（24.78±9.72）was higher than theirs.The differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）.The family support belonged to the high degree,while the friend support and social support belonged to the medium degree.The correlation analysis showed that there were negative correlations between job burnout and family support,friend support as well an social support.Conclusion The social support has a vital impact on reducing the job burnout.To improve their social support is an effective method to prevent job burnout.