世界油棕生产贸易的时空格局演变及发展预测

Space-time Evolution and Forecast of the Oil Palm Production and Trade in the World

油棕是世界上单位面积产量最高的一种木本油料作物,有"世界油王"之称。它的产量和贸易量比重在植物油料中居世界第一,经济效益巨大。本文从世界油棕的起源与地理扩散入手,对近年来世界油棕的生产贸易现状作了分析,结果表明:油棕起源于非洲,扩散到亚非拉广大热带地区,目前形成中西非、东南亚、中南美三大产区和印、中、欧盟等十大消费地的基本格局。在此基础上,对油棕生产贸易的发展趋势作了预测,一是种植面积和油棕消费市场将会继续增长;二是新科技助力油棕的增产;三是油棕的可持续利用必将进一步加强。

Oil palm is one kind of woody oil crops whose yield per unit area is highest, it is known as ＂the king of world＇s oil＂. The proportions of its production and trading volume are the highest in all kinds of oil crops, which has huge economic benefits. This research studies the origin of the world palm oil and geographical spread. It also analyzes oil palm production and trade situation in recent years. The result and spreads to the vast tropical areas it forms three major producing areas, shows： oil palm originates in Africa, of Asia、Africa and Latin America, now which are Central and West Africa、Southeast Asia^Central and South America, it also has the basic pattern of ten consumption areas such as India、China、the European Union. According to the research, the trade trend of oil palm production can be forecast, which gets three points： oil palm＇s acreage and consumer market will continue growing, new technology will boost oil palm yield and the sustainable use of oil palm will further to be strengthened.