我国长期护理保险体系建设的运营模式选择

Operational Model Options for Long-term Care Insurance System in China

近年来,我国老龄人口的长期护理刚性需求不断增加。但是,受家庭护理功能弱化、社保保障内容有限、长期护理费用较高等因素制约,长期护理保障供需不平衡的矛盾愈发突出。本文对常见的长期护理保险运营方式——政府主办型、市场主导型以及政府引导并委托专业机构运营型进行比较,分析表明,政府引导并委托专业机构运营的方式,可更充分发挥各参与主体优势,降低制度推进成本,减轻公共财政负担,提高制度运行效率,满足居民多样化的长期护理保障需求,符合我国经济发展水平不高、老龄居民消费能力有限的实际国情。

Long-term care demands are increasing constantly among aged people in China in recent years. However, the mismatch between supply and demands of long-term care is getting more and more acute due to the weakened function of home care, limited services of the social security system and the high expense of commercial long-term care. The paper made a comparison of common long-term care operation models ： government-led model, market-led model and government-led model with specialized third-party administration. The comparison showed that by enlisting specialized third-party administration, the government-led model could fully mobilize the strength of all parties involved, reduce the rolling-out cost, lower fiscal burden, increase operational efficiency of the system, and meet diversified needs, therefore, it was a model fitting with the specific situation of China where economic development level were not very high and people＇s consumption capability were still limited.