大学生主观幸福感和心理素质现状

Subjective well-being and psychological quality of college students

目的研究大学生主观幸福感与身心症状的现状。方法采用牛津幸福量表修订版(ROHS)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对395名在校大学生进行调查和测量。结果 (1)大学生主观幸福感较高,得分为42.20±13.26,身心症状量表总均分为1.68±0.46,身心症状量表强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和精神病性因子显著高于常模。(2)男女生的主观幸福感没有差异,但是女生的身心症状显著比男生差,在躯体化、抑郁、恐怖这3个因子上的得分,女生都显著高于男生。城镇学生的主观幸福感、身心症状量表总均分及其躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执等因子均显著高于农村学生。(3)大学生主观幸福感和SCL-90总均分及每个因子都负相关,特别是和总均分、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑和精神病性等因子显著负相关。结论应该关注大学生身心健康状况,提高大学生心理健康水平。

Objective To study subjective well-being（SWB） and psychological quality of college students. Methods 395 college students were tested by Oxford Happiness Test-Revised and Symptom Checklist 90. Results （1） The college students were above average in SWB, and it＇s score was 42.20-13.26. Average score of SCL-90 was 1.68-0.46. There were significantly higher scores in Obsessive-Compulsive, Depression, Anxiety, Photic anxiety and Psychoticism; （2） Female was significant higher than male in Somatization, Depression, Photic anxiety. There was significant difference between the students who came from cities or towns and the students who came from rural areas. The former got significantly higher scores in SWB and average score of SCL-90, Somatization, Obsessive-Compulsive, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Photic anxiety, Paranoid ideation. （3） There was a significant negative relation between SWB and symptom. Conclusion We should pay attentionto mental health of college students and enhance their psychological quality.