鹿药生长发育特性、繁殖特性及生态特征的初步研究

Study on the Life Cycle and Reproductive and Ecological Characteristics of Smilacina japonica A.Gray

采用野外踏查与野生鹿药移栽观察相结合的方式,对鹿药的生长发育特性、繁殖特性及生态特征进行了初步研究。结果表明,鹿药整个生育期约160d,从4月中旬到10月上旬划分为出苗期、茎叶生长期、现蕾期、开花期、果期和枯萎期6个生长发育时期;鹿药主要是通过根茎进行繁殖,由根茎前1年形成的顶芽萌发为地上茎,而根茎每年伸长生长1节,根茎的寿命为6年;在灌木丛和林下两个生境条件下,地上部分株高、茎粗、鲜重和地下部分根茎长、根茎鲜重的动态变化规律基本一致,都是随生长时间的增长而增加,且灌木丛优于林下生境。

Study on the life cycle and reproductive and ecological characteristics of Smilacina japonica A. Gray by field investigation and obser-vation of transplanting wild S. japonica. The phenophase of S. japonica is about 160 days, divided into the seeding, stem and leaf growth, squar-ing, flowering, fruit and withered periods during one year from mid April to early October. The propagation of S. japonica is mainly through rhi-zome that is elongation and growth a knot one year in generally. In spring, the previous year＇s terminal bud germination to the formation of the stem on the ground and base of the stem to the ground along the rhizome of the level of the forward direction has a new terminal bud that growth near the level of steady elongation, So introduction and domestication and cultivation of S.japonica resources by transplanting rhizomes. That is along with the growth of time increases on the plant height,stem diameter, fresh weight,root length and rhizome fresh weight of S.japenica in the forest and bush habitat, and the bush is better than the forest habitat.