淮北地区几种工业废水的遗传毒性检测

Genotoxicity Effects of Several Industrial Wastewater in Huaibei Area

以蚕豆根尖细胞微核检测技术,研究淮北地区5种不同工业废水的遗传毒性.结果表明:废水B、C、D、E均能够诱导蚕豆根尖细胞微核率极显著升高,细胞中检测到染色体断片、染色体桥、滞留染色体以及环状染色体等多种染色体畸变.工业废水影响蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂,废水A导致蚕豆根尖细胞相对有丝分裂指数显著下降,而废水B、D、E均导致细胞相对有丝分裂指数极显著下降.相关分析表明,5种工业废水的污染指数和相对有丝分裂指数具有显著负相关,相关系数r=-0.863 3.此外,工业废水对蚕豆种子的萌发也表现为不同程度的抑制效应.综上,检测的淮北地区部分工业废水具有一定的遗传毒理效应,有待进一步整治与处理.

Vicia faba micronucleus test was performed to detect the genotoxicity effects of several industrial wastewater from the north of Anhui province. The results showed that industrial wastewater B, C, D and E could induce high micronucleus frequncy significantly compared to the control. In Vicia faba root tip cells, there were some kinds of chromosomal aberrations such as chromosome fragments, chromosome bridges, chromosome lag and circular chromosome. Meanwhile, the mitotic index of Vicia faba root tip cells declined significantly when treated with wastewater A and declined very significantly when treated with wastewater B, D and E. Based on the correlation analysis, we concluded that there was a significant negative correlation between the mitotic index and the pollution index （ r = - 0. 863 3）. Furthermore, we found that industrial wastewater also inhibited Vicia faba seed germination. In coclusion, some industrial wastewater has genotoxicity in some degree and need to be controlled in the future.