浅论明朝中后期度僧制度的转变

Discussion of the Changes of Monks System in the Middle and Late Ming Dynasty in China

明初建立的试经度僧制度在明朝前期有效地限制和管理了全国的僧人队伍。但是到了明朝中后期社会矛盾激化,军费开支、自然灾害、统治阶级奢侈浪费等多种因素造成了严重的财政危机。明朝政府为了筹集资金缓解危机,以鬻牒度僧制度取代了试经度僧制度。

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty , the precise and detailed system of identification for monks was established. It is the regime of Shijingdusheng to effectively control the religious activities of monks. However, in the middle and late of the Ming dynasty, the Ming government was in the trouble of financial crisis. In order to raise money to release the crisis, the government of the Ming dynasty launched the Yudiedusehng System to take the place of regime of Shijingdusheng.