广州流动人口空间问题:基于社会地理学视角

Spatial Problems of Floating Population in Guangzhou——A Social Geographical Perspective

流动人口社会空间是原有城市空间底质上经过流动人口的各种实践活动而人格化的空间,是一种再造的空间。运用社会地理学分析方法,本文首先抽炼出流动人口空间问题,集中表现为边缘化、混合性、非固定性和适变性,其中边缘化是本质性问题。其机制既包括自身属性特征的社会化建构,也包括制度歧视、城市政府新自由主义倾向、空间竞争、企业追逐利润、本地人排挤等。其次,本研究认为不合理的制度设计、城市空间整体观缺失、市场机制失灵是流动人口空间问题存在的根源。最后,对流动人口问题提出三点对策:树立包括流动人口空间在内的城市空间整体观、确立相互协调、联动管理的工作思路、提高流动人口自组织化程度。

Social space of floating population is a reproductive space imper- sonated of their natures and activities based on urban roots. Firstly, this paper induced the key characters into four parts： marginalized, mixed, fluid and adjustable, among which marginalized character was the vitally important one. It is the kinds of disadvantageous institutions that caused the marginal- ization of floating population＇s space. Such institutions included not only such factors as floating population＇s native place, educational level and household registry before they departed, but also factors like dual institu- tions of employment, education and social security, the tendency of neo-liber- alism for urban government, fierce competition of urban space, enterprises＇ chase of profits and being supplanted by local citizens. Other reasons lied in absence of whole urban thoughts, less-function or reversal of market forces. Lastly, several countermeasures were put forward： building up the integrated sense of space including floating population＇s space, fostering space-inter- acting and service-leading management ideas of floating population and upgrad- ing floating population＇s self-organized level.