中老年人腰椎骨密度变化的临床观察

Clinical analysis of lumbar spine BMD in the elderly

目的了解中老年人随着年龄增长骨密度变化规律及骨量减少和骨质疏松患病率。方法用双能X线骨密度测定仪测量40岁以上人群正位腰椎骨密度2 325例,按年龄、性别分组统计。结果男女骨密度值均随年龄增加而逐渐降低。中老年男性骨量减少患病率为42.2%,骨质疏松为37.3%;中老年女性骨量减少为19.8%,骨质疏松为66.5%;50岁以后女性骨质疏松患病率显著高于男性(P<0.05),男性骨量减少患病率显著高于女性(P<0.05)。老年男性骨质疏松患病率为42.3%,女性为79.7%,老年女性骨质疏松患病率显著高于老年男性(P<0.05)。结论随着年龄增长,骨质疏松患病率逐年增加,女性比男性更易患骨质疏松,低骨量是导致骨质疏松骨折的一个重要危险因素。

Objective To understand the variation of BMD and the prevalence rate of OPA and OP due to the aging of the elderly. Methods We Measured the anteroposterior lumbar spine BMD with DEXA in a population of 2 325 aged people who were above 40 years of age,and gave a statistical analysis according to the age and gender. Results The BMD,of both male and female,decreased gradually with the increase of age. The prevalence rates of OPA and OP of middle-aged and old male were 42. 2% and 37.3% respectively,while the figures of the middle-aged and old female showed as a counterpart are 19.8% and 66.5% respectively. The results indicated that,in the age group over 50 years old, women were in a higher prevalence rate of OP than men in the same age（P;.0.05）. On the contrary,men were much more endangered than women in terms of the prevalence rate of OPA（P〈 0.05）. In addition to this,the prevalence of OP was 42.3% for older men and 79.7% for older women,suggesting that a remarkably high prevalence rate of OP lies in older women compared to older men（P〈0.05）. Conclusion With the growth of age,the prevalence of osteoporosis steadily increases year by year. Women are more susceptible to osteoporosis than men, especially those postmenopausal ones. As for men,it is the low bone mass that plays as a fatal role of being under the risk of osteoporosis and fracture.