半夏和滴水珠抗五步蛇毒中毒作用的实验研究

The study of the Rhizoma Pinelliae Cordatae and Rhizoma Pinelliae against Agkistrodon acutus(Guenther) snake venom poisoning

目的研究滴水珠与半夏生药及其提取物抗五步蛇毒的作用。方法将ICR小鼠随机分为半夏生药组、半夏醇提物组、滴水珠生药组、滴水珠醇提物组、空白对照组、阳性对照组及模型组,各组小鼠均灌胃给药7天,并观察各给药组小鼠的体重变化情况;在末次给药1h后于小鼠腹腔注射五步蛇毒,观察各组小鼠的中毒表现,并统计各组小鼠的死亡率,比较各组小鼠的肝脏指数、脾脏指数及胸腺指数,并对各组小鼠血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)、血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)以及血小板(PLT)、红细胞(RBC)和白细胞(WBC)计数进行比较。结果半夏和滴水珠醇提物、半夏和滴水珠生药均可降低五步蛇毒中毒小鼠的死亡率,对五步蛇毒引起的小鼠PT、TT、APTT上升和FIB下降具有显著的抑制作用,与模型组相比P<0.05;并可影响五步蛇毒中毒小鼠外周血血小板(PLT)、红细胞(RBC)和白细胞(WBC)计数,与模型组相比P<0.05。但滴水珠和半夏生药可引起小鼠体重下降,并影响肝脏、胸腺和脾脏指数,与空白对照组相比P<0.05。结论半夏和滴水珠醇提物及半夏和滴水珠生药均具有一定的抗五步蛇毒作用,乙醇提取能降低半夏和滴水珠的毒性。

Objective To research the Rhizoma Pinelliae Cordatae and Rhizoma Pinelliae of their crude drugs and alcohol extracts＂ effection resist of Agkistrodon acutus snake venom. Methods Randomly divide ICR mice into Pinellia crude drugs, Pinellia alcohol extract, Pinellia cordata crude drugs, Pinellia cordata alcohol extract, blank group, model group and the positive control group,observing each group of the body weight change after 7 days in- tragastric administration. For the last time of administration, each mice group were intraperitoneally injected with Agkistrodon acutus snake venom after 1 hour later, then observing mice＇s poisoning performance and calculating the death rate. Comparing each group of the mice＇s liver index, spleen index and thymus index, meanwhile, detect the period of fibers in plasma fibrinogen （FIB） ,plasma prothrombin time （PT）,thrombin time （TT）,activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT） and compare platelet （PLT）, red blood cell （RBC） and white blood cell （WBC） number, thus discuss the Pinelliae and Pinelliae Cordatae effects against Agkistrodon acutus （Guenther） snake venom poisoning. Results Pinelliae Cordatae and Pinelliae of their crude drugs and alcohol extract can reduce the mortality of Agkistrodon acutus snake venom poisoning. Also,they have significantly inhibition on increasing the PT,TT,APTT and decline FIB of the mice which inject the snake venom, compared with the model group, P〈 0.05. What＇s more, their influence on the number of the blood platelets （PLT）, the number of red blood cells （RBC） and the number of white blood cell （WBC） were obviously, compared with the model group, P〈0.05. However,Pinelliae Cordatae and Pinelliae crude drugs can decrease the body weight of mice,impacting the liver in- dex,spleen index and thymus index,compared with the blank group,P〈0. 05. Conclusion Pinelliae and Pinelli- ae Cordatae of their crude drugs and alcohol extracts＂ can against Agkistrodon acutus snake venom poisoning. Etha- nol extraction also can decrease their toxicity.