宽电刷直流电机换向过程分析及电抗电势算法

Analysis on Commutation Process of DC Motors with Wide Brushes and Calculation of Reactance Electrical Potential

传统经典理论对换向过程的分析都是基于电刷宽度等于换向节距的条件下进行的,而大部分直流电机采用的是宽电刷,因此,经典理论对换向过程的分析所得出的结论和所推导出的电抗电势计算式都不够准确。详细分析了宽电刷直流电机的换向过程和电阻换向时换向元件中电流的变化规律,给出了电抗电势的计算方法。

Analysis of the commutation process within the classical theoretical framework has been conducted under the condition that the brush width equals the commutation pitch. With the common usage of wide brushes in most DC motors, both the analysis of the commutation process and the relevant calculation of reactance elec- trical potential have not been accurate enough. This paper firstly discusses the commutation process of DC mo- tors with wide brushes in great details, then analyzes the variation of currents in the commutation components during resistance commutating, thus deriving calculation method of reactance electrical potential.