蔗糖和乙烯利对唐菖蒲切花开放的影响

Effect of Sugar and Ethephon on Fresh Gladiolus hybridus Cut Flowers during the Blossoming

[目的]为了找出唐菖蒲(Gladiolus hybridus)保鲜液中合适的蔗糖浓度,探寻乙烯利对唐菖蒲切花的影响。[方法]进行不同糖浓度保鲜液试验和不同用量乙烯利的催花试验。[结果]唐菖蒲能耐受20%的蔗糖浓度,且该处理的小花开放总数最多、花径最大,盛花期最长。而低糖处理(2%～6%)的花枝在瓶插后期花径减小,盛花期明显缩短。唐菖蒲切花在经过乙烯利处理后没有明显的呼吸跃变现象,小花开放速度比较均匀,但是高浓度乙烯利处理的花枝前期开放速度较快,后期小花无法正常展开,花瓣变色、坏死,比对照的盛花期减少了2 d左右。[结论]唐菖蒲保鲜液中添加高浓度的蔗糖(10%～20%)比低浓度(2%～8%)的保鲜效果好。唐菖蒲虽然没有明显的呼吸跃变现象,但是属于乙烯敏感类型,高浓度的乙烯会对其造成明显伤害。

[ Objective ] To find out the suitable sugar concentration in the preservative solution and the effect of ethephon on the fresh cut G. hybridus. [ Method] The experiments were conducted with different sugar concentrations and different ethephon dosages. [ Resuk] The G. hybridus could adapt to 20% sugar concentration, under which the blossoming small flowers, flower diameter, and the florescence all maintained the best level. The flower diameter of low sugar treatments（2% -6% ）was reduced in the later stage, and the florescence was shortened significantly. G. hybridus showed no significant respiratory climacteric after ethephon treatment, small flowers blossomed step by step, but the small flowers treated by high concentration of ethephon blossomed fast in early stage and extended abnormally in later stage, the petal color changed and died, and the florescence was reduced by two days than CK. [ Conclusion] The high sugar （ 10% - 20% ） was better than low sugar （2% -8% ） to preserve the G. hybridus. Although G. hybridus did not show significant respiratory climacteric, it is ethylene-sensitive, and it would be obviously damaged by high concentration of ethylene.