北京市社区老年居民代谢异常现况分析

Situation of Metabolic Abnormalities of Elderly Residents in Community of Beijing

目的分析北京市社区老年居民代谢异常患病情况,便于更好地进行慢性疾病的管理和综合干预。方法 2009年3月—2010年11月对北京市东四社区60岁以上常住老年人建立健康档案、个人生活方式档案,掌握60岁以上老年人一般情况、健康状况和生活方式,测量身高、体质量、血压,检测空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血尿酸、血肌酐水平。结果调查463人,高血压检出率为69.98%(324/463)、血脂异常检出率为47.08%(218/463)、代谢综合征(MetS)检出率为42.12%(195/463)、糖尿病检出率为32.18%(149/463)、高尿酸血症检出率为24.41%(113/463)、超重或肥胖检出率为69.11%(320/463)、腹型肥胖检出率为71.49%(331/463)。男性和女性居民MetS、超重或肥胖、腹型肥胖检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性和女性高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、高尿酸血症检出率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄组居民高血压、超重或肥胖、腹型肥胖检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄组糖尿病、血脂异常、高尿酸血症、MetS检出率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高尿酸血症组和尿酸正常组居民高血压、血脂异常、MetS、超重或肥胖、腹型肥胖检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);高尿酸血症组和尿酸正常组居民糖尿病检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MetS组和非MetS组居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、高尿酸血症、超重或肥胖检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市东四社区老年居民高血压、血脂异常、MetS、糖尿病、高尿酸、超重或肥胖、腹型肥胖检出率均较高,社区应加强慢性疾病管理,加强早期综合干预。

Objective To analyze the situation of metabolic abnormalities in elderly residents of Beijing community in order to give better management and comprehensive intervention for chronic diseases. Methods Health archives and healthy lifes- tyle archives of permanent elderly residents over 60 years old from Dongsi community in Beijing were set up from March 2009 to November 2010 to understand the general condition, health condition and life styles. The height, weight, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbAlc, TC, TG, HDL - C, LDL - C, blood uric acid and creatininc were tested. Results Among the 463 residents, the detection rates for hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome （ MetS ） , diabetes mellitus, high uric acid, overweight or obesity and abdominal obesity were 69. 98% （324/463）, 47.08% （218/463）, 42. 12% （195/463）, 32. 18% （149/463） , 24.41% （113/463） , 69.11% （320/463）and 71.49% （331/463）respectively. The detection rates of MetS, o- verweight or obesity and abdominal obesity between males and female all showed statistically significant differences （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The detection rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dysllpidemia and high uric acid between males and females showed no sta- tistically significant differences （ P 〉 0. 05 ） . The detection rates of hypertension, overweight or obesity and abdominal obesity be- tween elderly residents in different age groups showed statistically significant differences （P 〈0.05 ） . The detection rates of dia- betes mellitus, dyslipidemia, high uric acid and MetS between elderly residents in different age groups showed no statistically significant differences （ P 〉 0.05 ） . The detection rates of hypertension, dyshpidemia, MetS, overweight or obesity and abdomi- nal obesity between high uric acid group and normal uric acid group showed statistically significant differences （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, but the detection rate of diabetes mellitus between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ） . The de- tection rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, high uric acid, overweight or obesity between MetS group and non - MetS group showed statistically significant differences （ P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusion Elderly residents in Beijing Dongsi Community have high detection rates of hypertension, dyslipidemia, MetS, diabetes mellitus, high uric acid, overweight or obesity and abdominal obesity. The community should enhance the management of chronic diseases and early comprehensive intervention.