大气环境质量评价API方法实例教学——以安徽省安庆市为例

API Teaching of Environment Impact Assessment: a Case Study on Anqing City

传统API指标体系所得城市大气质量往往偏离群众真实感受,特别是像安庆这样的化工城市,这给环境影响评价教学带来了困难,论文选取了该市2010年四季中空气中有明显异味的10天,监测了其CO、氨和苯含量,并参照GB3095-1996标准,通过逐步添加特征指标的方法,在课堂上展示了增加指标前后安庆市大气环境质量API指数,结果表明:①增添指标前,安庆市大气API指数皆小于100,质量等级为良,主要污染物为SO2或PM10;②增添指标后,安庆市环境空气质量普遍下降1到2个档次,由原来的优良变为轻中度污染甚至是重度污染,主要污染物为苯;③CO指标增加后,其单因子指数皆小于50,安庆市大气污染并不以煤烟型污染为主;④实例教学能解决理论与实际的偏差,激发学生兴趣,极大地改善课堂教学效果。

The traditional air pollution index （API） madel with indicators such as sulphur dioxide （SO2 ）, nitrogen dioxide （NO2 ） and particulate matters （PMl0） have been used in the assessment of air quality in China. But the estimate result usually can＇ t reflect the real air quality of Anqing city,the one of the most important petroleum and chemical industry cities in China. This complication created difficulties on teaching of environment impact assessment. The author monitored carbon monoxide （ CO）, am- monia （ NH3 ） and benzene （ C6 H6 ） of air in 10 typical stench days of four seasons in 2010, and illustrated the difference of the API before and after the addition of these 3 indicators by the national air quality standards （ GB3095 - 1996） recommended method. The results showed as follows ① Before the addition of these 3 indicators, the API Of Anqing City were all less than 100, and the air quality reached fine level. The main contamination was SO2 or PM10. ② The quality of air of Anqing city were reduced to a ＂mediam - heavy pollution＂ level after the addition of the indicators, and the main contamination was benzene. ③When CO was added to the calculation system, the API made no change. So the style of Anqing city air pollution is not the soot ones. ④Through case teaching, students＇ interests can be stimulated, and they can remediate the aberration between theory and practice.