新型熔铸炸药2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇四硝酸酯的制备、结构表征及性质

Preparation,Structure Characterization and Properties of Novel Melt Cast Explosive 2,3-Dihydroxymethyl-2,3-dinitro-1,4-butanediol Tetranitrate

用硝基甲烷作原料,经缩合、环化、氧化偶合、脱缩酮和硝化5个步骤在实验室中合成了新型硝酸酯2,3–二羟甲基–2,3–二硝基–1,4–丁二醇四硝酸酯(BHDBT),它是已知的仅由C、H、N、O组成的硝酸酯中密度最大的品种。用X射线结晶学、FT–IR光谱、Raman光谱及热分析等方法对BHBDT进行了表征,同时介绍了它的热力学性质、热分解特性、感度性质和爆轰特性。

Using nitromethane as raw material, the novel nitric ether BHDBT is prepared in laboratory through five steps including condensation, cyclization, oxidative coupling, de-ketal and nitration. It has the highest density of any known nitric ethers composed of only C, H, N and O. The BHDBT is characterized by using X-ray crystallography, FT-IR spectrum, Raman spectrum, thermal analysis, and so on. Meanwhile, its thermodynamic properties, thermal decomposition characteristics, sensitivity characteristics and detonation characteristics are introduced.