元末士大夫的舆论批评及其蕴涵的时代意义

On Scholar-officials' Public Criticism and Social Problems in the Late Yuan Dynasty

在元末社会危机滋生蔓延之际,一些士大夫高举道义大旗,抱道忤时,慷慨自陈,对元末统治者的骄奢淫逸,官吏的贪纵暴虐,黎民的颠危悲苦,世风的颓败浇薄等重要社会问题,进行了激烈的批评和深刻的揭露。这些基于现实体悟的舆论批评不仅生动再现了元末错综复杂的社会问题,充分反映了士大夫忧国伤时、扶衰救危的经世意识和忧患意识,而且进一步彰显了社会舆论的批判对于社会政治秩序的价值和意义。

In the time of escalating social crisis in the late Yuan Dynasty, some of scholar-officials held the banner of morality, strongly criticized and profoundly revealed important social problems, such as rulers ＇extravagance and dissipation, officials ＇greed and tyranny, people＇s suffering and grief, etc. These public criticisms not only vividly depict the complex social problems in the late Yuan Dynasty, fully reflect the scholar-officials＂ awareness and sense of statecraft ,but also further clarify the value and significance of public opinion for social and political order.