橡胶树砧木家系苗期生长性状变异分析

Variation Analysis on Growth Traits in Seedlings from Stock Families of Hevea brasiliensis

在西双版纳采集优良无性系RRIM600、GT1和IAN873开放授粉种子（花粉来源复杂），繁殖成3个家系用作砧木试验，对其实生苗木逐株编号，在嫁接前测量6个性状指标并进行变异分析。结果表明，在家系内株高、地径、每蓬叶数、大叶柄长、小叶长、小叶宽等6个性状变异系数为11．19％-27．17％；IAN873种子苗木平均株高为222．14cm，平均地径为22．48mm，显著大于RRIM600和GT1种子苗木的株高和地径（P〈0．01）；3个家系苗木株高和地径基本符合正态分布，株高和地径与叶子4个性状相关密切。橡胶树的这3个家系间和家系内单株间都存在丰富的遗传变异。

The seeds of 3 Hevea brasiliensis clones （RRIM600, GT1 and IAN873） from Xishuangbanna were propagated for stock seedlings under man-made conditions. The growth traits of 450 one-year-old seedlings, including plant height, basal diameter, number of leaves in a leaf storey, petiole length, leaf length and leaf wide were surveyed for variance analysis. The results showed that variance coefficient of 6 traits ranged from 11.19% to 27.17% within the family. The average plant height （222.14 cm） and basal diameter （22.48 mm） of seedlings of IAN873 were more than those of GT1 and RRIM600 （P〈0.01）. The correla- tion analysis indicated that high degree of positive correlations existed among plant height, basal diameter and traits of leaf. The frequency distribution analysis showed that normal distribution existed in plant height, basal diameter from 3 families respec- tively. There was significant difference of growth trait among families and individuals, which indicated that variation of growth trait in these 3 families of Hevea brasiliensis were abundant.