不同日龄黑番鸭屠宰性能与肉质特性的研究

Analysis on Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality of Different Ages Black Muscovy Duck

以黑番鸭为试验材料,通过测定公、母鸭在70日龄与120日龄的屠宰性能、常规肉品质及胸肌营养成分,初步明确黑番鸭屠体的经济价值。结果显示:①屠宰性能:120日龄公鸭的活重、屠体重、屠体率、全净膛重、半净膛重、腿肌重高于70日龄,差异显著(P<0.05);母鸭2个日龄屠宰性能各项指标均差异不显著(P>0.05)。表明屠宰性能公鸭以120日龄为佳,母鸭以70日龄为佳;②肉质性状:70日龄公、母黑番鸭在胸、腿肌的pH、滴水损失均差异不显著(P>0.05);③胸肌常规营养成分:70日龄、120日龄公母黑番鸭,胸肌中水分、干物质、粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪的含量均差异不显著(P>0.05);④胸肌氨基酸含量:70日龄母黑番鸭胸肌中苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸和必需氨基酸的含量显著高于公鸭(P<0.05);120日龄公黑番鸭胸肌中苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸和必须氨基酸的含量显著高于70日龄(P<0.05)。表明氨基酸的含量公鸭120日龄较高,母鸭70日龄较高。

In order to define the carcass economic value of black Muscovy duck, the performance of slaughtering meat quality and the chest muscle nutrients of male and female black Muscovy duck aged at 70 days and 120 days were analyzed. The results showed that：①Slaughter performance： live weight, carcass weight, carcass rate, eviscerated weight, half carcass weight, leg muscle of the drake aged 120 days were significantly higher than that of the drake aged 70 days, and the differences were significant （P〈0.05）; while the difference between the female duck aged 120 and 70 days was not significant （P〉0.05）. So the drake aged 120 days and the female duck aged 70 days had good slaughter performances. ②Meat quality., the differences of chest, leg muscle pH, and drip loss between the male and female black Muscovy duck aged 70 days were not significant （P〉0.05）.③Chest muscle nutrients., the differences of moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, and crude fat content in chest muscle between the black Muscovy duck aged 70 and 120 days were not significant （P〉0.05）. ④Amino acid content of chest muscle.. the amino acid content in chest muscle of female duck aged 70 days, including threonine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine, arginine and the essential amino acids were higher than that of drake aged 70 days （P〈 0.05）. The amino acid content in chest muscle of drake aged 120 days, including threonine,isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine, arginine and the essential amino acids were higher than that of drake aged 70 days （P 〈0. 05）. Compared the amino acid contents in 70 day-age ducksr chests, that of the female ducks was higher than that of the drakes; while, compared the amino acid contents in drakes; chests, that of the 120 day-age drakes was higher than that of 70 day-age drakes.