试析文化权利宪法规范的实施保障问题——以比较法学视域中的“文化宪法”研究为参照

A Preliminary Study of the Implementation and Protection of the Basic Rights of Culture in the Perspective of “Cultural Constitution” in Comparative Law

在重视发挥法律的规范调整与保障功效的驱动下,推动文化繁荣发展的立法举措被给予了空前的重视和众多的选项。但是,支撑文化法制建设的宪法基点和学理基础还不够厚重和充分。为此,追溯文化基本权利的宪法意蕴、文化法律调整的宪法基础,才是促进文化权利规范得以实现的本原,而这需要比较法学视域中分析鉴别和引介吸取有关国家和地区的理论资源。我国台湾地区承续大陆法系中德国宪法学说关于基本权利功能、文化基本权利、宪法基本国策、宪法审查机制、文化价值秩序等的学说脉络,在"文化宪法"研究作为部门宪法释义学的领域和层次上,重点分析了文化基本权利的本体性和文化法律制度的合宪性等一系列问题,为认识我国现行宪法文化权利条款的性质地位、内容设定及其边界限度,并由此为文化立法的原则基准与发展趋向提供了一定的学术参照。

With more emphasis on the normative regulation and protection of law, legislative ap- proaches to promoting cultural prosperity and development have been given unparalleled attention and have received many options. However, the constitutional base and doctrinal groundwork sup- porting the construction of cultural law are still insufficient. Tracing the constitutional meaning of basic cultural rights and the constitutional base under the cultural law is the way to promote the culture rights and rules, which requires us to adopt the comparative law to analyze, distin- guish and absorb the theories from other countries or regions. The frame of the Germany Con- stitution in the Civil Law System about basic rights and functions, basic cultural rights, national policies and censorship of the constitution, as well as cultural value and regulations, is inherited aiwan of China. With the ＂cultural constitution＂ as the focus, this paper focuses on such ems as the noumenon of basic cultural rights and constitutionality of cultural laws. Meanwhile, it also provides some academic reference for recognizing the nature, status, content and s of culture rights and rules in our national constitution, and proposes its base and princi- as well as the development trend of cultural legislation.