匀强电场中第Ⅰ主族元素基态原子的边界轮廓

The boundary contours of group Ⅰ atoms in uniform electric field

应用原子特征边界轮廓模型,研究了第Ⅰ主族H、Li、Na、K、Rb基态原子分别在106、107、108 V/m强电场中的边界轮廓.计算结果表明,在电场中原子的边界轮廓呈现近椭球形,且沿电场方向边界轮廓收缩的程度小于电场反方向拉伸的程度.电场强度越强,原子边界轮廓改变越大.相同强度电场下,第Ⅰ主族元素原子从上至下,边界轮廓变化逐渐增大.计算中得到的单位强度原子平均径向变化率与实验已测得的原子极化率结果呈现很好的线性相关性.

Applying the atomic characteristic boundary model, the boundary contours of group Ⅰ atoms from H to Rb were studied in a uniform electric field, whose strength was 10s^6-10^8 V/m. Results by an ab initio method showed that the boundary of an atom in a uniform electric field was nearly ellipti- cal, which contracted in the direction of electric field but expanded in the opposite direction and the intensity of contraction was smaller than that of expansion. The variation of atomic boundary contour rose with increase of the electric field strength. In the same electric field, the variation of atomic boundary contour increased from H to Rb. It was shown that the mean variation rates of the atomic radial sizes of these atoms in the electric field of unit strength had a good linear relationship with the available experimental values of atomic polarizability.