刑事和解适用范围探析——兼评《刑事诉讼法》第277条

On the Application Scope of Criminal Reconciliation——Concurrently on Article 277 of the Criminal Procedural Law

近年来,刑事和解早已成为我国理论界和实务界的热门话题,但由于之前刑事立法对这一制度没有明确规定,因此对刑事和解的具体适用范围一直存在较大争议。只有把犯罪客体作为首要标尺,并综合考虑加害人的人身危险性,才能正确界定刑事和解的适用范围。但考虑到刑事和解在我国还是一项尚处于探索阶段的新型刑事司法模式,基于公众的心理需求和提高司法效率的功利目的,当前有必要把罪行轻重也作为能否适用刑事和解的一个考量标准。最新修订的《刑事诉讼法》第277条对公诉案件刑事和解的适用范围作出了明确规定,一定程度上缓解了之前理论和实践中的争议,但这一界定仍存在不合理之处。

In recent years, criminal reconciliation has already become the hot topic in the theory and practice in China. Because the former criminal legislation didn＇t make a clear regulation on this system, there has been many disputes about the application scope of criminal reconciliation. Only by making the ob-ject of crime as a primary standard, and considering the aggressor＇s personal dangerousness, can we correct-ly define the scope of application of criminal reconciliation. Based on the real need,the crimes weight is nec-essary to be considered as a think standard. The latest revision of the ＂criminal procedural law＂in article 277 makes specific provision on the scope of application of criminal reconciliation,and relieves the contro-versies in the theory and practice before, but this definition still lacks rationality.