大学生创业成功技能的结构维度探索

The Dimensionality of Key Elements of Undergraduates' Successful Entrepreneurial Skills

采用访谈法、问卷评定和因素分析法,考察了大学生创业成功技能的结构维度,并开发了中国情境下大学生创业成功技能的评定工具。研究结果表明:(1)大学生创业成功技能包括两个基本维度六个因素,其中"自我技能"包括自我管理、职业规划和信息选择与应用三个因素,而管理与影响技能包括企业管理与战略、客户管理和人际沟通三个因素;(2)基于二维度六因素模型开发的《大学生创业成功技能调查问卷》包括23个有效评定项目,其结构效度和内部一致性信度达到可接受水平,可以用于大学生创业成功技能的自我评定。

This study adopted the methods of interview, questionnaire, and factor analysis to investigate the dimensions of undergraduates＇ successful entrepreneurial skills. In addition, an effective undergraduates＇ successful entrepreneurial skills questionnaire was developed. The results showed： 1 ）a six-dimension structure of undergraduates＇ successful entrepreneurial skills was proposed, including self-management, information selection and application, self-planning, management and strategy, customer management and interpersonal communication. The high-order confirmatory factor analysis implied that self-management, information selection and appli-cation, self-planning belong to a higher order factor called self skill, while management and strategy, customer rrmnagement and interpersonal communication belong to another factor called management and affect skill; 2） the undergraduates＇ successful entrepreneurial skiUs questionnaire included 23 items, which had acceptable reliability and validity. The questionnaire could be suitable for measuring entrepreneurial skills of undergraduates.