室内环境与学龄儿童呼吸系统健康的关联性研究

Association between indoor environment and respiratory health for school children

目的:探讨室内环境因素与学龄儿童呼吸系统健康之间的关联性。方法:调查对象为广州市3个不同空气污染程度地区8所小学的2179例3、4年级小学生。通过标准化问卷了解调查儿童的家庭、社会经济状况和呼吸道症状、疾病史,并测量其身高、体质量和肺功能。结果:在室内环境诸多因素中,地毯、新家具、装修、熏香、发霉、宠物和被动吸烟均显著增加儿童呼吸道症状和疾病的患病风险,OR值1.34～2.88。室内熏香和房间夏季通风多与儿童肺功能水平呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:室内环境中存在多种因素显著影响学龄儿童呼吸系统健康。

Objective： To investigate the relationship between the indoor environment and the respiratory health of school children. Methods： Study subjects were 2179 school children in grade 3 and grade 4 from 8 primary schools in 3 districts with different air pollution levels in Guangzhou. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect the information concerning the home environment, socioeconomic characteristics, and history of respiratory symptoms/diseases of the children. The height, weight, and lung functions of the children were also measured. Results ： Of numerous factors concerning indoor environment, carpet, new furniture, decoration, incense, mould, pet, and passive smoking significantly increased the risks of respiratory symptoms/diseases in children, with ORs from 1.34 to 2.88. Besides, indoor incense and ventilation in summer were both negatively associated with the lung function of the children （P 〈 O. 05 ）. Conclusion： There are several indoor environmental factors that may affect the respiratory health of the children.