重庆地区育龄夫妇孕前危险因素暴露情况分析

Analysis on the exposure of risk factors before pregnancy for couples at child bearing age in Chongqing

目的:了解重庆地区育龄夫妇的身体健康状况和暴露环境,分析暴露因素对育龄夫妇生育的影响,提出优生策略。方法:对重庆地区1 510对育龄夫妇进行一般情况、家族史、疾病史等情况的问卷调查,分析其孕前风险因素暴露情况。结果:育龄妇女高危年龄段(≥35岁)占32.91%;男女双方家族遗传病史比例偏高分别为76.31%和34.30%;育龄夫妇工作危险因素暴露率高,男方为41.13%,女方为19.87%。结论:高危年龄段育龄妇女应当重视产前检查,预防不良妊娠结局;有家族遗传病史的育龄妇女需注重健康和优生咨询;政府部门需加强优生优育宣传、落实优生优育工作,提高育龄夫妇优生优育意识,促使其积极参加优生优育咨询和孕前检查,以降低出生缺陷及其他不良妊娠结局的反生。

Objective：To comprehend the physical health and the environmental exposure of couples at child bearing age in Chongqing,to investigate the risk factors before pregnancy and to propose measures of eugenics. Methods：Totally 1 510 couples at child bearing age in Chongqing were participated in a questionnaire survey about their general situation,personal and family history of disease. Analysis was made to comprehend the exposure of risk factors before pregnancy. Results：According to the questionnaire results, 32.91% of the female at child bearing age were more than 35 years old;the percentages of the family genetic history in male and female were 76.31% and 34.30% respectively ;the highest risk factor for couples at child bearing age was work ,41.13% in male and 19.87% in female. Conclusions：The female more than 35 years old should pay more attention to prenatal care to prevent the adverse pregnancy outcomes. The couples who had family genetic history need to focus on health and eugenic counseling. Government need to strengthen the publicity of prenatal and postnatal care to arouse the awareness of the prenatal and postnatal care for couples at child bearing age and to urge them to participate in counseling and pre-pregnaney examination to reduce the birth defects and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.