论前苏格拉底哲学与宗教的关系

On the Relationship between Philosophy and Religion in pre-Socrates Greek Philosophy

西方哲学在诞生之际与其神话宗教传统有何种关系,这是希腊哲学研究的一个重要问题。对此,学界主要存在两种观点,一种认为两者之间有内在的连续性,另一种认为两者之间有一种断裂。本文通过区分前苏格拉底哲学中存在的三种思想倾向,即神秘主义、科学理性和哲学理性,对前苏格拉底哲学与宗教的关系进行了重新诠释。这种诠释,尤其是有关科学理性与哲学理性的区分,将有助于刻画西方哲学乃至西方文明的基本特征。

A major concern of Greek philosophy is to study the relationship between the birth of Western philosophy as a rational way of thinking and its religious and mythological tradition. There are usually two opposed views ： one believes that there is an inner continuity between them while the other holds there is instead a radical disruption. This article attempts to reconstruct the relationship between them by categorizing pre-Socrates Greek Philosophy in- to three typical thought schools, i.e. , the scientific reason school, the mysticism school, the philosophical reason school. These distinctions, especially those between the scientific reason and the philosophical reason, would help to characterize Western philosophy and even Western civilization in general.