早产儿在婴儿期发生反复呼吸道感染的相关危险因素分析

Analysis of related high risk factors of infantile recurrent respiratory infection in preterms

目的探讨早产儿在婴儿期发生反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)的相关危险因素,以利于降低早产儿在婴儿期RRTI的发病率。方法采用病例对照研究方法,通过病例回顾、问卷调查与对照组比较,并进行单因素分析,采用logistic回归方法筛选出发病危险因素。结果早产儿在婴儿期RRTI的检出率为29.2%,较足月儿明显增高(P<0.05);单因素分析显示,出生时体质量偏低、小于胎龄儿、存在宫内感染征象、围生期机械通气、贫血、未及时添加辅食等各因素与早产儿在婴儿期RRTI的发生有关(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,小于胎龄儿、围生期机械通气、存在宫内感染征象与早产儿在婴儿期RRTI的发生呈正相关。结论小于胎龄儿、存在宫内感染征象、围生期机械通气是早产儿在婴儿期发生RRTI的临床危险因素。

Objective To analyze the related high risk factors of infantile recurrent respiratory tract infection（RRTI） in preterms for decreasing its incidence rate.Methods By adopting the cases control study method,cases review and questionnaires survey were performed and compared with the control group.The univariate analysis was performed and the multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis was adopted to screen the high risk factors.Results The detection rate of infantile RRTI was 29.2%,which was obviously higher than that in term infants（P〈0.05）.The univariate analysis showed that the factors such as low birth weight,small for gestational age（SGA） infant,intrauterine infection signs,perinatal mechanical ventilation,anemia,not timely adding supplementary foods were related with infantile RRTI（P〈0.05）.The multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that SGA infants,perinatal mechanical ventilation and intrauterine infection signs were positively correlated with infantile RRTI.Conclusion SGA infants,intrauterine infection signs and perinatal mechanical ventilation are the clinical high risk factors for infantile RRTI in preterms.