合作输出任务对词块附带习得记忆的多维比较研究——基于延伸认知理论

A Study of the Retention of L2 Lexical Chunks Incidental Acquisition Based on Collaborative Output Tasks

本研究针对8组245名中国一年级英语专业本科生,就词块记忆效果,从合作输出与单人输出任务、L2-L1组合与L2-L2组合理解语篇内容、四种词块类别以及合作输出任务对词形和意义的影响四个角度进行了多维比较研究。基于延伸认知理论设计的合作输出任务组共四组,对应的单人输出任务组也是四组,应用听力语篇、阅读语篇材料与听力语篇文字材料等作为实验材料,共进行了三次测试:即时测试、延后一周和延后六周测试。研究结果显示:(1)无论听力或阅读语篇,合作输出任务的词块记忆效果均好于单人输出任务,而且附带习得词块的效率很可观,即时记忆率为75%～84%,一周记忆保持为71%～80%,六周记忆保持为68%～77%。(2)记忆词块使用L2-L1组合比L2-L2组合更有效,特别在长期记忆中。(3)动词和介词词块最容易被即时附带习得,但前者最容易被忘记,后者记忆保持最好。形容词和名词词块居中。(4)合作输出任务对词形和意义两个方面的记忆都有明显的益处。

This study investigated the retention of lexical chunks incidental acquisition on 245 English majors(8 groups,freshmen) in South China Agricultural University in terms of the comparisons of collaborative output and individual output tasks;L2-L1 and L2-L2 pairs to memorize the chunks;and four different categories of lexical chunks.The findings show:1.No matter in listening or reading texts,groups of collaborative output tasks outperformed the individual output tasks.2.It was more effective to memorize the lexical trunks using the L2-L1 pairs than L2-L2 pairs.3.Verb chunks and prepositional chunks were the easiest to acquire,but verb chunks were the easiest to be forgotten and prepositional chunks were memorized best in long term memory.