论《敕修百丈清规》的法律属性与法律关系

Legal Character and Relation of The Imperial Monastic Rules for Buddhists

清规是中国佛教创制的组织管理制度,而《敕修百丈清规》是佛教清规发展史上最重要的一部文献。该清规由国家授权编撰并以国家强制力保证实施,因此其属性与以前的佛教清规完全不同,已经从佛教组织的自制规约上升为国家的宗教法规,其内容涉及多种宗教法律关系,并设定了很多新的宗教权利、义务关系,对其后的佛教组织管理制度产生了巨大影响。

Monastic rules were organizational administrative regulations established by Chinese religion, and The Imperial Monastic Rules for Buddhists was one of the most important documents in the history of development of Buddhist monastic rules. This set of monastic rules was written under the governmental authorization and assured to be carried out by the state power. As a result, it differed in character from former Buddhist monastic rules because it already ascended from Buddhist self-disciplining stipulations to national religious regulations. The set of monastic rules involved various relation of religious laws and regulations and provided many religious rights and duties, which exercised great influence on administrative regulations of Buddhist organizations in later times.