明代图书检查制度新探——以汪佃奉敕校书建阳为线索

A New Study on the Book Inspection System in the Ming Dynasty:Based on Wang Dian's Book Correction in Jianyang under the Imperial Order

明代图书检查制度比较宽松,中央对地方刻书事业的行政干预力度十分有限,并没有派出"钦差"官员执行过专项检查;对一些刻书中心的规范行为,主要由当地负责文教方面的宪臣——提调学校官负责,多数时候可归为一种自发的行为,因而导致相关政策的不稳定性和不可持续性,也就没能形成系统的法律规章制度。唯其如此,一个活泼自由多元的图书出版贸易阅读局面的出现,方才在晚明历史上显得格外光彩夺目。

The regulation about book inspection was not strict in the Ming Dynasty.The central government's intervention in local publication was inefficient,and did not send imperial officials to carry out special inspections.Thus the responsibility of the book inspection fell on the censors,who were in charge of cultural education,especially officials in schools.Most of time,book inspection was spontaneous,which made relevant policy unstable and unsustainable,No systemic law or regulation had taken shape.Consequently,as a very bright-colored and dazzling phenomenon,there was an active,free and pluralistic book publishing prospect in the late Ming Dynasty.