60年来中国高考作文命题的角色预设问题

The Role Presupposition of Composition Assignment in China's College Entrance Exam in the Past 60 Years

新中国成立以来,高考已经走过了62年,历年全国高考作文题先后也已达229道。通过对历年高考作文题的题型统计和题目高频词分析,可以看到我国高考作文题明显存在"文体的去诗歌化"、"话题的个人化"、"答案的封闭化"的倾向,从而显示出出题者的自我角色预设和对考生的角色期待存在着亟待纠正的问题。

Since the founding of new China,China has held national college entrance exam for 62 years,in which there have been 229 composition topics.According to the statistics of composition types and the analysis of high frequency words in composition assignments,there are obvious tendencies of 'the exclusion of poetry style,' 'the individualization in topic' and 'being closed in answer,' which reveal the problems concerning the role presupposition of composition assignment and the expectation to the role of examinees.These problems remain to be corrected.